The Fin-Improving Effects of Fucosylated Chondroitin Sulfate from Green and Purple Apostichopus japonicus on Caudal Fin Regeneration of Zebrafish Larvae

This study investigated the capability for fin regeneration in zebrafish larvae with mechanism of FCS isolated from green and purple sea cucumbers Apostichopus japonicus (G-FCS P-FCS). HPGPC determined that mean molecular weight purified G-FCS P-FCS is 19.5 18.8 kDa, FT-IR spectrum displayed similar characteristic absorption peaks. AFM images presented was shown as a spherical polysaccharide, while molecules exhibited elongated chains. For examination, increased regrowth area larval at 48 hours postamputation enhanced locomotor behaviors, transcription levels regeneration-related genes (Wnt10a, msx1b, fgf20a, bmp2a, bmp4, igf2b) were upregulated. Moreover, promoted mRNA expression inflammatory factors (iNOS, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, IFN-γ) TLR/NF-κB pathway-related (TLR3, TLR4a, NF-κb, MyD88). The Western blot analyses TNF-α IL-1β supported immune response. ELISA results indicated FCSs contents NO, CAT, SOD, G6PD. Summarily, present suggested potential enhancer by elevating immunomodulatory antioxidative processes zebrafish.